[hnedu.cn] Tang Yayang, Secretary of the Party Committee, Accepts the Interview and Talks about Supply-side Reform in Colleges and Universities
2016-11-23
At 10:00-11:00 of July 18, Tang Yayang, the secretary of the Party Committee of HNUC, was invited to participate in the online interview of http://gov.hnedu.cn/ for the sake of making an online exchange with internet friends on "quicken supply-side structural reform in colleges and universities and promote the local economic and social development". The main interview contents were shown as follows:
[Host]: The interview will be started at 10:00. So stay tuned.
[Host]: Hello everyone! This is the online interview channel of http://gov.hnedu.cn/. We are much honored to invite professor Tang Yayang, the secretary of the Party Committee of HNUC. He will make an online exchange with you on "supply-side structural reform in colleges and universities". Welcome everybody to participate enthusiastically. Secretary Tang, hello! Can you say hello to everybody?
[Distinguished guest]: Hello, host and all internet friends!
[Host]: As we all know, the General Secretary Xi put forward "supply-side structural reform" on the 11th Conference of Leading Group for Central Financial and Economic at the end of 2015. When it comes to supply-side structural reform, many internet friends may have such impression, namely, "familiar strangeness". What’s your opinion about such phenomenon? What are the purposes about putting forward "supply-side structural reform" at such history junction?
[Distinguished guest]: When talking about supply-side structural reform, it is really "familiar strangeness", just like what you and internet friends said.
[Distinguished guest]: In terms of "familiar", I mean that such a word of "supply-side structural reform" is not a new word because the western supply-side economists had put forward and practiced it at the end of 1970s. Its theoretical source can be traced back to the popular "Say's Law" in the early 19th century, namely, supply can produce demands automatically. We shall start with supply-side and apply reform to promote structural adjustment, enhance supply quality, expand effective supply and satisfy the mass preferably according to it, including the demands of the common people, and the sustainable and healthy development of economy and society will be realized.
[Distinguished guest]: In terms of "strangeness", we mean that it is the first time to put forward supply-side structural reform from the national strategic level in Chinese economic and social development process. There is no existing experience for reference, therefore, it is a new great practice.
[Distinguished guest]: Just now, the host makes a special mention of the purpose about putting forward "supply-side structural reform" at such history junction. My preliminary experience is that:
[Distinguished guest]: At present, Chinese economic development is entering in the new normal and faced with many new challenges, such as, increased pressure of economic downturn, feeble investment growth, disappearing demographic dividend, serious surplus productivity of some industries, difficult production and operation of some enterprises, prominent fiscal contradiction between revenue and expenditures, risks and hidden trouble existence in financial and other fields, early sinking into middle-income trap, etc. Therefore, the supply-side structural reform will undoubtedly develop into an initiative selection and important innovation for the following solutions, namely, how to effectively solve these prominent contradictions and problems, how to adapt to and lead the new normal of economic development, create economic updated version, as well as adapt to the new trend about comprehensive national power competition after international financial crisis occurrence.
[Host]: After listening to your introduction, we can see that the supply-side structural reform will indeed produce special significance for our economic development, moreover, due to its wide covering range and various contents, we have much to do if we want to carry out it. What are the core and acting points of it?
[Distinguished guest]: Indeed, just like what you said, we need to conquer dangerous shoal and crack the hard nut during supply-side structural reform due to its wide covering range, miscellaneous contents and multi-stakeholder involvement. Therefore, in order to give play to the special functions of it in adapting to and leading the new normal about economic development, I think we shall closely center on the reform and capture the "acting points" of reform.
[Distinguished guest]: Besides, the core of promoting it is straightening out the relationship between market and government, giving play to market's decisive function in the resources configuration, as well as getting rid of the institutional barriers which are likely to restrict the quality and efficiency enhancement of economic development.
[Distinguished guest]: When it comes to the acting points of supply-side structural reform, I think it is mainly focused on the following several aspects:
[Distinguished guest]: Firstly, pay great attention to utilizing reform to increase "new system supply", perfect modern property right system and optimize the legal environment with the feature of equal competition.
[Distinguished guest]: Secondly, pay great attention to enhancing development quality and efficiency, such as, although China has a large production capacity, numerous product categories, cheap price and huge supply about milk powder and toilet lid, the countrymen are willing to purchase the high-priced in foreign countries. I wonder what the reasons are. I think the main reason is that our milk powder and toilet lid quality fails to satisfy the demands of ordinary people. This is a prominent problem.
[Distinguished guest]: Thirdly, to pay great attention to motivating enterprise vitality, regulating and perfecting the modern enterprise system to enhance the state-owned capital configuration and operating efficiency, eliminating the backward industries and fostering the new competitive industries and products.
[Distinguished guest]: Fourthly, pay great attention to people-oriented concept and the space balance between population economy and resource environment.
[Distinguished guest]: Fifthly pay great attention to promoting green production mode and consumption pattern.
[Distinguished guest]: Sixthly, pay great attention to making market give a decisive role in resource configuration, simplifying administrative procedures, delegating powers to the lower levels as well as intensifying the market adjustment function.
[Distinguished guest]: Seventhly, pay great attention to promoting the high-level and bi-directional opening.
[Distinguished guest]: So, there are plenty of things to do.
[Host]: We all know that you are engaged in the education and management work in colleges and universities. In your opinions, how colleges and universities participate in the supply-side structural reform ("spring tide") actively. Please give us an introduction.
[Distinguished guest]: I know many people are inclined to put their eyes on economic field when they understand the problem of it. It is not related to higher education. In fact, this is a misunderstanding.
[Distinguished guest]: I will give two examples to explain the problem, for example, the university student employment what we are extremely concerned.
[Distinguished guest]: At present, everyone thinks that it is difficult for university students to be employed. The governments, schools and parents have been puzzled by the difficult employment. However, I think the real difficulty of employment is the "difficulty of structural employment", instead of general employment. On the one hand, the employing units always complain that it is difficult to employ the outstanding graduates, on the other hand, graduates are distressed that they are rejected by the suitable companies or institutions.
[Distinguished guest]: So, what are the real problems? Whether the market demands are not big enough, or the talent cultivation quality fails to adapt to the market demands? In general, we always believe that the main reason is the first one. However, I think that the most fundamental problem is caused by the supplier after we think hard about. The specialty setup and talent cultivation quality of universities are unable to satisfy the market demands. In other words, the connection between universities' talent cultivation specifications & quality and social demands is not close. Or else, why employing units always complain: Why we can't recruit the requisite graduates from so many university graduates?
[Distinguished guest]: It is like the above-mentioned examples. The domestic ordinary people are willing to rush to purchase milk powder and toilet lid in foreign countries regardless of abounding products in domestic market. It thus appears that the supply-side structural reform of colleges and universities has developed into a problem which we shall face up to and solve until now.
[Distinguished guest]: I think we shall grasp the following several key points during the supply-side structural reform in colleges and universities:
[Distinguished guest]: 1. The education concept transformation is the forerunner to promote it. The ideology is always considered as the forerunner of action, which is extremely important for colleges and universities to change their concepts when they actively participate in it.
[Distinguished guest]: Firstly, change school-running concept. Change "elite education" into "mass education" and change "grow larger by right of quantity" into "get stronger by right of quality" to avoid colleges and universities walking on comprehensive and research-oriented road, namely, large and all-inclusive "single-log bridge".
[Distinguished guest]: Secondly, change cultivation concept. Change "theoretical teaching" into "practice and ability teaching", namely, change the traditional cramming education, over-teaching contents, less practice and other disadvantages.
[Distinguished guest]: Thirdly, change employment concept. Change "one-step-to-reach" employment concept into "get a job first, and then choose", change "identity employment" into "occupational employment" and abandon the traditional "iron bowl", "public members" and other identity concepts.
[Distinguished guest]: 2. The specialty structure adjustment is considered as the key of it. I think the specialty setup is a source problem which is related to the organic docking between colleges and universities' talent cultivation and market. Comparing with the diversified demands of talent market, the education resources of colleges and universities are relatively limited. It determines that the colleges and universities shall "do something but reject others" in the aspect of talent cultivation, in other words, the specialty setup shall avoid "the more, the better" and "ask for perfection" concept. Therefore, we shall take suitable measures to deal with the relationship among existing characteristic, traditional, newly-added and unpopular specialties, besides, strengthen the supporting for characteristic specialty; As for the traditional specialty, it is necessary to make a large transformation according to the market demands; In terms of newly-added specialty, make selection prudently, instead of following the trend, namely, increase new specialties along with other universities; And the unpopular specialty needs to be restricted and adjusted. We shall believe that it is likely to develop into popular specialty after a period of time regardless of its unpopular state now, therefore, we shall handle unpopular specialty rationally.
[Distinguished guest]: 3. The cultivation mode reform is considered as the core of supply-side structural reform. Why we say it is the core problem? Because the cultivation mode is a problem, which can decide, whether the colleges and universities' talent cultivation can realize seamless docking with market.
[Distinguished guest]: Promote the talent cultivation mode reform energetically: I think we shall take school-government cooperation, school-enterprise cooperation, industry-university-research institution connection and other means to strengthen the cultivation of students' practical ability. Make more use of study-discussion pattern, participatory pattern and case teaching method to expand small-class teaching range and pay attention to cultivating students' critical thinking ability. In summary, students shall be able to solve problems and find out questions, understand how and why, as a result, change "knowledge infusion cultivation" into "innovative cultivation", change "blindness cultivation" into "order-oriented cultivation", change "standardized cultivation" into "individualization cultivation", as well as change "unified cultivation" into "multiple-participation cultivation".
[Distinguished guest]: 4. The teaching staff optimization is considered as the safeguard for it. It is well known that teaching staff optimization is the foundation and safeguard for promoting the foregoing education concept transformation, specialty structure adjustment and cultivation mode reform. An accomplished teacher has skilled students. The student quality depends on the teacher competence. The colleges and universities shall take several measures to strengthen the teaching staff structure optimization and realize the following three transformations for a period in the future: change "single-professionally-titled" into "double-professionally-titled", change "close-ended" into "open-type", and change "pay attention to individual teacher cultivation" into "pay attention to teacher team cultivation". I think we will certainly obtain good results in this way.
[Host]: Just now, Secretary Tang incisively analyzed and introduced how colleges and universities participate in the spring tide of supply-side structural reform from the four aspects, namely, education concept transformation, education structure adjustment, cultivation mode reform and teaching staff optimization. The analysis is very penetrating. As we all know, HNUC, where you work, is an influential higher-education university which focuses on finance and economics. As far as I know, HNUC has cultivated more than 80,000 senior specialized talents in finance and economics, and obtained a satisfactory response from society. Facing the new requirements of society for talent cultivation, what's the general idea of your university during supply-side structural reform?
[Distinguished guest]: Thanks for your high praise of me and our university. I think we shall clarify the reform direction and purpose firstly before we want to effectively promote supply-side structural reform. The direction and purpose mean that our cultivated students shall be able to adapt to the national and realistic local economic and social development requirements, besides, the talent cultivation of universities shall be effectively connected with economy and society. Under the guidance of the target, our general idea is:
[Distinguished guest]: Focus on national demands, stick close to the new demands of new industries, business types and technology of Hunan and central south region for the colleges and universities' talent cultivation, consider the high-quality application-oriented "craftmanship" talents cultivation as target, deem education concept transformation as guidance, consider specialty adjustment as breakthrough and cultivation mode reform as core, deem industry-education integration and teaching staff construction as platform and safeguard respectively, as well as consider the teaching advantages of commercial universities as replying and foundation. We are able to actively promote the effective docking between university talents and economic & social development, and continuously enhance the high quality and high level of talent cultivation supply side in the university.
[Host]: Just now, it’s very encouraging that you mentioned your university's general idea about supply-side structural reform in the larger sense. We also want to know what specific works your university has done in the promotion process. And what results your university has achieved.
[Distinguished guest]: I want to take this opportunity to introduce and report the preliminary practice about supply-side structural reform conducted by HNUC to you. At present, our university has made some preliminary explorations in the four aspects and obtained certain achievements. Of course, our achievements are relatively elementary due to the preliminary work.
[Distinguished guest]: Firstly, push forward education concept transformation actively and tentatively reflect the talent cultivation characteristics.
[Distinguished guest]: In terms of cultivation concept, we will put the general education-oriented concept into individualized teaching. According to the different learning foundations of students, we will actively promote the classified and hierarchical teaching reform of course for satisfying the diversified demands of students growth and economic & social development.
[Distinguished guest]: For the cultivation target, we will conduct high-quality application-oriented talent cultivation on basis of previous one. We consider the high-quality application-oriented talents (who "understand operation, know management, have power to start up business, lay foundation for further education and gather momentum for development") cultivation as our cultivation target and take many measures to penetrate this target into the whole process of university's talent cultivation.
[Distinguished guest]: In the cultivation mode, we will change the simple classroom-oriented talent cultivation into industry-university-research institution collaborative cultivation. We consider the coordinated propulsion between talent cultivation, discipline construction, scientific research, practical teaching, school-enterprise cooperation and social service as the basic path for enhancing supply quality to guarantee systematization and synchronization of talent cultivation.
[Distinguished guest]: Until now, HNUC has preliminarily reflected its school-running characteristics with continuously enhanced reputation in society. "Serve local economic construction and social development as its duty, and cultivate the high-quality application-oriented talents who have business study features". For example, when it comes to undergraduate admission of our university, about 35% students in our province have exceeded the first batch of undergraduate control line, and the employment rate has kept about 95% in recent years.
[Distinguished guest]: Secondly, actively cultivate competition and give prominence to comparative advantages of specialty. For this purpose, the university always insists on strengthening the characteristic specialty, closely dock with finance, accounting and other modern service industries' development, and deeply promote the comprehensive reform of Finance, Accountancy, Logistics Management and other featured specialties in our university.
[Distinguished guest]: We will make efforts to transform the traditional specialties. Guide traditional specialties try to form its comparative advantages in the similar universities via the business studies background and talent resources, such as, change Law Specialty into "business law combination", mold, Chinese Language and Literature Specialty into commercial literature characteristics, build course system for Electronic Information Engineering Specialty according to "technology +market" thought, etc.;
[Distinguished guest]: Select the newly-added specialties. Pay attention to the new demands of industry chain and innovative chain in the docking regions for talent cultivation, and newly add Modern Finance Development, "Internet+" and other desperately needed Financial Mathematics, Internet of Things Engineering, Investment Theory and other specialties;
[Distinguished guest]: Restrict unpopular specialties. There are 11 specialties which are restricted and stopped to recruit by our university in 49 undergraduate specialties till now. I think the action is very forceful.
[Distinguished guest]: Thirdly, continually optimize and enhance the mode and coincidence of talent cultivation. For this purpose, our university is optimizing talent cultivation scheme, actively responding to the new normal about economic & social development and the new talent cultivation requirements about "both entrepreneurship and innovation", as well as utilizing the capacity's progressive increment as the main line to systematically optimize the three platforms of theoretical teaching, practical teaching and innovation and entrepreneurship education;
[Distinguished guest]: Perfect practice-oriented education system. Promote the innovation and entrepreneurship education and insist on the principles of "fundamentality, application and innovation" to perfect the "classified & step-up" practical teaching system, which is composed of "four layers" of discipline foundation, specialty foundation, specialty integration, and cross-specialty innovative entrepreneurship, and cultivate students' post competition ability systematically.
[Distinguished guest]: In recent years, our university has cooperated with Dahan Group, Alibaba and other enterprises to build more than 250 off-campus teaching and practice bases. Our university has built the Provincial-level Liberal Arts Integrated Practice and Teaching Demonstration Center and other 10 provincial-level platforms after establishing university-locality cooperation relationship with Xiangjiang New District Government and other government departments. This year, we have obtained the National Industry - education Integration Development Engineering Application - oriented Undergraduate Colleges and Universities Transformation Project which refers to the affirmation and supporting for our industry-education integration work.
[Distinguished guest]: Fourthly, pay attention to teaching staff construction and continuously enhance teachers' education and teaching abilities. We are focusing on expanding cultivation methods and taking the following measures to enhance the professional quality and ability of teachers, such as, post business and skills training, consultation diagnosis service, teaching salon, secondment via titular position, overseas exchange and visiting, etc. Expand the part-time teaching staff at the same time, such as, employ well-known scholars, government professionals and entrepreneurs to serve as part-time teachers, organize off-campus teaching guidance commission and carry out dual-tutor system, etc. Promote classification management. Take opportunities to reform teaching evaluation, performance examination, post (title) evaluation and employment system, and enhance the initiative and enthusiasm of teachers' practical ability, namely, posts and staff fixation, and personnel assignment system reform.
[Distinguished guest]: What I am trying to tell you, the teaching staff structure is relatively rational because the main-stem professional "double-teacher and double-ability" teachers proportion has reached up to 48.87%, closing to 50% until now, therefore, the teaching staff have provided powerful intellectual safeguard for the application-oriented talent cultivation in universities.
[Host]: We know that secretary Tang is very modest about the preliminary achievements and practice when he talks about measures and practice applied by HNUC. As a matter of fact, there are many shining points. Considering that you have mentioned some specific methods and achievements when your university is promoting supply-side structural reform, we are looking forward to creating a new experience in that process.
[Distinguished guest]: Certainly.
[Host]: Thank you! Hereon, I want to exchange and discuss another problem. The innovative entrepreneurship of colleges and universities is considered as an important grasp and breakthrough during talent cultivation mode reform at the background of "public entrepreneurship and multitude innovation". I want to inquire you about the specific work in the innovation and entrepreneurship education conducted by your university on behalf of all internet friends. Can you make introduction for us?
[Distinguished guest]: I want to tell you that the innovation and entrepreneurship education is always considered as a pedagogical tradition in our university. Our university has intensified innovation and entrepreneurship education efforts in recent years to adapt to the economic and social development demands:
[Distinguished guest]: Firstly, further strengthen the organizational leadership of innovation entrepreneurship. Our university has established Innovation and Entrepreneurship Education Reform Work Leading Group and Innovation and Entrepreneurship Education Experts Advisory Committee, and the division-level institutions are also built independently. The entrepreneurship education and practical teaching center utilize the center to arrange the university's innovation and entrepreneurship education works, as a result, the innovation and entrepreneurship education working mechanism which is led by the center, jointly controlled and administrated by Dean' Office, Academic Staff Department, Admission & Employment Department, Youth League Committee, Schoolfellow Affairs Office and other departments, as well as actively participated by all professional specialties.
[Distinguished guest]: Secondly, further perfect innovation and entrepreneurship education system. First of all, the education system is based on pervasive education, which opens more than 30 required courses about innovative entrepreneurship knowledge and nearly 300 optional courses about scientific and humanistic quality for all university students. Next, we give emphasis to ability cultivation. We have opened professional courses group, more than 100 subsidiary courses and 80 simulation practice courses for the students who have innovative entrepreneurship intention to enhance the innovative entrepreneurship ability of students. We also pay attention to the individual difference and overall arrange general education courses and professional course, theoretical teaching and practical teaching, as well as the first classroom and second classroom, including the existing third classroom and internet space to cultivate students' curiosity, imagination, critical thought and craftmanship. Meanwhile, the quality expansion guidance, competition impetus, project promotion, activity stimulation and other measures will be taken to drive innovative entrepreneurship practice of students.
[Distinguished guest]: Thirdly, further broaden the innovative entrepreneurship practice base. As previously mentioned, we have built a practical training centering on the basis of innovation training. And our university has invested more than RMB 26 million to build 1 National-level Talent Cultivation Mode Innovative Experimental Zone, 15 provincial-level platforms (including Liberal Arts Practical Teaching Demonstration Center), more than 20 school-level platforms (including Financial Comprehensive Laboratory), as well as 250 off-campus practical training bases.
[Distinguished guest]: Fourthly, further enrich the cultural atmosphere about innovative entrepreneurship. Take advantages of all medias to combine online and offline platforms for widely propagandizing and introducing the innovative entrepreneurship policies, knowledge and methods; Hold Lushan schoolfellow entrepreneurs entrepreneurship lectures, forums and salons at regular intervals to share their innovative entrepreneurship experience, lessons and process; Develop "Sincerity & Credibility; Pragmatism & Innovation" spirits. We can say that our campus culture about innovative entrepreneurship is relatively rich.
[Host]: We can clearly see that HNUC has done a great quantity of work in innovative entrepreneurship. Can you forecast how your university will take the opportunity to provide better service to the economic and social development of Hunan?
[Distinguished guest]: The colleges and universities' service for the local economy shall be versatile and multifaceted. I think our university will make the effort to do something in the following aspects when our university is carrying out supply-side structural reform and adapting to the new economic normal at the background of "both entrepreneurship and innovation" (public innovation and multitude entrepreneurship):
[Distinguished guest]: Firstly, reform cultivation mechanism and provide talent support. We will focus on the desperately needed talents about modern logistics, modern tourism, Internet of Things, big data, accountant and finance, etc. to modify talent cultivation scheme, dynamically adjust specialties and reform talent cultivation mode and mechanism.
[Distinguished guest]: Secondly, strengthen scientific research and provide service to innovative development. We will focus on ecological civilization, green development, new industrialization, foreign business competition and circulation industry safety, Hunan logistics industry and tourism industry, financial management and innovation, which are desperately needed by the economic and social development of Hunan to refine discipline direction, carry out scientific research and provide service to the innovative development.
[Distinguished guest]: Thirdly, establish a new-style think tank and provide service to the decision-making of Hunan government and Party Committee. We will carry out some innovative, strategic and forward-looking research in the "resource-economic and environment-friendly society" (two-oriented society) construction system and mechanism innovation, commerce circulation, anti-corruption bid and other fields to provide strategic decision-making service to the provincial Party Committee and government.
[Distinguished guest]: Fourthly, inherit innovative culture and usher in social custom. As a part of HNUC, we will try to make our own contributions in cultivating and fulfilling socialist core values, carrying forward Hunan spirit ("care about the world, Dare to become pioneers") and delivering upward, forward, authentic, optimistic and other positive energies on the basis of our university's school motto of "Sincerity & Credibility; Pragmatism & Innovation".
[Distinguished guest]: Finally, I hope HNUC will develop into the talent growth cradle, spirit cultivation base and cultural transmission center for Hunan merchants, and make greater contributions for the local economic development in Hunan to make the dream come true. Thank you for your attention.
[Host]: Thank you, Secretary Tang. We will wish that your dream will come true as early as possible, and I believe you will certain realize it. Since there is such hard-won interview opportunity, we will answer questions which are proposed by the energetic internet friends on the http://gov.hnedu.cn. and Sina microblog. Thank you!
[Distinguished guest]: All right!
[Host]: Welcome back to our show. Let's take a look at questions of internet friends. The first internet friend, with the name of [move forward], asks that how your university strengthen the innovative consciousness of students when "public entrepreneurship and multitude innovation" is vigorously advocated?
[Distinguished guest]: Ok, hello, [move forward], first of all, I want to discuss such a question with all internet friends. Since we are under such big era and background of public entrepreneurship and multitude innovation, whether you have considered the entrepreneurship meaning and connotation in real earnest? Your thought is good, and I also have my own understanding of this question. I think entrepreneurship is something for everyone that you and I can make it; the entrepreneurship is done in any place by the people in every position and post at any moment. Therefore, I told all teachers that I came here for entrepreneurship when I took my office in HNUC. I think it reflects the public entrepreneurship and multitude innovation. Otherwise, if we interpret entrepreneurship as new enterprise establishment, there are really rare people who can start up business, one percent, or even less than one percent. However, when we consider entrepreneurship as something which can be done by everyone at any moment and in any place, all of us can make entrepreneurship. This is one kind of understanding. The second understanding is that I interpret entrepreneurship as innovation + career establishment. In other words, we utilize the innovative method and means to fulfill our career, just like everyone at present. If you want to start up business, you can do it at any moment and in any place. In the past, someone put forward "social entrepreneurship", which considers the social mission as guidance to create our career in the entrepreneurship process. This is a kind of thought as required by building harmonious society.
[Distinguished guest]: [Move forward] proposes a good question when he mentions innovative consciousness. In fact, there is not enough thought about innovative consciousness cultivation in the innovation and entrepreneurship process, or we need to discuss many other problems in the practice. I think it is necessary to form a favorable and innovative cultural atmosphere where students dare to speak and discuss with teachers to cultivate innovative consciousness. Our school motto, "Sincerity & Credibility; Pragmatism & Innovation", the "Innovation", refers to creation, I think our university shall create a kind of cultural atmosphere where students dare to speak, create and handle affairs without repression. The second innovative consciousness is not a simple lecture, looking for someone, or carrying out activities, instead of penetrating innovative consciousness into the whole process and every link of talent cultivation. Therefore, the cultivation scheme, classroom teaching and pre-class teaching design are important. Thirdly, it is necessary to change classroom teaching mode, namely, apply interactive discussion, instead of teacher speaking and students listening. As mentioned earlier, students shall dare to challenge and discuss with teachers in the classroom, only in this way, we can cultivate students' innovative spirits and ability. In the university, students shall know how and why, in other words, teaching one to fish is better than giving him fish, therefore, the talent cultivation mode is extremely important. Fourthly, the innovative consciousness shall be cultivated under the support of one evaluation system in the university, which includes two aspects. Firstly, what are the high-quality application-oriented talents for students. The evaluation system shall be rational and targeted. It is obviously impracticable to apply the previous methods to cultivate and evaluate students, instead, we shall be clear that what kind of teachers are suitable for cultivating innovative or high-quality application-oriented talents. I think the university which has a favorable cultural atmosphere, penetrates talent cultivation and innovative spirits into the whole process of talent cultivation, and applies questioning discussion and excellent evaluation system will certainly cultivate students who hold strong innovative consciousness. This question proposed by the internet friend is a good stimulation for our innovative talent cultivation in the future. Although we have not considered it in real earnest, we shall also do something. This is my answer.
[Host]: According to what you said, teaching one to fish is better than giving him fish, therefore, we shall experience entrepreneurship method by combing classroom studying with innovative entrepreneurship practice. This is my understanding. Internet friend [Liu Yixin]: Secretary Tang, can you tell me whether university students' ideological and political work strengthening and improvement is closely related to the supply-side reform of colleges and universities? And why?
[Distinguished guest]: Hello, [Liu Yixin], do you know I have once worked for ideological and political work about students?
[Host]: We guess the reality should be like this.
[Distinguished guest]: This is an extremely creative and innovative topic because very few people will combine supply-side structural reform with ideological and political education about university students. Therefore, I can say he is a creative and innovative person. Frankly speaking, I have not pondered the question, however, I can say a few words since I have engaged in the related work for a long time. Do you know what is the purpose of talent cultivation? It is an all-round development of morality, intelligence, physical fitness and aesthetic sense. The moral education and ideology shall enjoy the priority, however, what students and parents want to obtain from the university is the quality and ability enhancement and knowledge enriching, especially, the personality perfection. As you know, the quality enhancement and personality perfection are included in the ideology and moral education contents. The society needs high quality, which relies on ideology and quality. The whole society, the country, students and parents ask for high quality, high level and good moral education, however, our colleges and universities possibly have no chance to talk about the foregoing question. Nobody can say that my cultivated students can absent from ideological and political class. As a senior revolutionist, I dare not say that. Can you say there is no need for ideological and moral education? We have no confidence to say that the job is done well regardless of the great demands. Whether we need to find any reason in the aspect of supply? It has an important relationship and connection with ideological and political education about university students. Therefore, I want to give him thumbs up due to his innovation and creation. I can say that he is the innovative talent as required by the society. The related concept needs to be changed from saying to doing to promote supply-side structural reform in colleges and universities and ideological & political education. This is the concept transformation. Due to its relationship, we shall ponder the question in real earnest.
[Distinguished guest]: Secondly, we shall penetrate ideological and political education about university students into every link and process of talent cultivation. So, it is not a problem in a word, instead of practice. The whole-process, all-dimensional and comprehensive talent cultivation shall be put into action because talent cultivation will become a meaningless term as long as we fail to penetrate it into the whole process of student growth.
[Distinguished guest]: Thirdly, whether it is necessary to reform our ideological and political course contents, and organically integrate the knowledge which needs to be delivered to students under the request of General Secretary into the related courses? Whether our ideological and political theory course and educational policy need an equal exchange mode, instead of you do what I say and you make action what I request. The teaching staff also need to be changed, including organically penetrating the course into ideological and political education. Hereon, I want to share something with you. The well-known Harvard University has its own method to cultivate talents. Every teacher shall explain two questions in every course, namely, as for the course, what is the company our Americans have established? Which rules are proposed by Americans? This is the typical of patriotism education. Secondly, the instrumental values can solve the specific problems. There are non-value judgments, therefore, what aspects need value judgment. Then, the teacher will tell students how and why to do it. Students shall know that it is prohibited to make jerry-built project and tamper with accounting records from engineering and accounting course respectively. In summary, it is requested to penetrate these affairs into every talent cultivation link and teaching process. In the near future, I may joint hands with the internet friend to declare subject of supply-side structural reform about ideological and political education of university students. This is not only a good topic what I throw, but also a path for working on ideological and political work in university. Thank you, [Liu Yixin] for your good question.
[Host]: Internet friend [Rezhale]: In consideration of the substantial growth of college admission rate in recent years, whether the university will suffer from "excessive production capacity" problem?
[Distinguished guest]: Thank you, [Rezhale], although today is nice and cool, you shall make a preparation, maybe, [Rezhale] will explode due to hot after a few days. I think the excessive production capacity is inexact. It is worth discussion in the long term and rational perspective. And why? At present, it is necessary to change mode and adjust structure along with the new normal of economy. The innovation-driven mode shall be applied to lead the country development. You can think of what kind of person will be needed in the innovative promotion, mode transformation and structure adjustment process? Of course, the high-quality, high-ability and innovative talents. We can say that our innovative talents and colleges and universities' talents have been reduced. Moreover, what I want to tell you, many countries (especially, developed countries) have an extremely high admission rate, 60%, 70%, or even 80%, by comparison, our acceptance rate is only 40%, therefore, the higher education is only in a popular style, instead of universal stage. If we say that the present high-quality talents are excessive, the popular style is enough with no need for universal stage, needless to say high-quality innovative talents. Therefore, it is not excessive, instead of too less in the long term and social demands. I will feel anxious for the people who believe in excessive talents. I will become explode due to hot, just like the internet friend [Rezhale].
[Distinguished guest]: We can understand such concept from another perspective, namely, the colleges and universities go wrong to result in the excessive talents. Due to the insufficient docking between our specialty setup and society, the employing units shall train employees for long term before working because the society doesn't need the specialty, or the university's cultivate mode, mechanism and quality fail to adapt to the employing units' demands regardless of the desperately needed specialty and discipline, or the graduates are unable to be competent for the job although the employing units are in urgent need of the students who graduate from the required specialty. We can't help wondering that whether the "teaching-practice teachers" who are able to give lessons and teach students to make practice are too few? In this way, if the excessive production capacity is acceptable, the main reasons shall be found in our universities, namely, it is caused by our universities. Therefore, the discussed topics, especially, the several questions proposed by internet friends, are not small problems for universities. If universities can make careful research and analysis and take effective measures to solve these questions, the disjunction between higher education and society will be solved. I want to express my gratitude for these innovative, creative and extraordinary internet friends. Regardless of my previous praise, I am willing to give thumbs up again to these internet friends.
[Host]: Thank you, Secretary Tang, you are very modest. I believe that the excessive production capacity is a misunderstanding of some graduates when they fail to be employed. They think this is a problem which is caused by the greatly increasing acceptance rate, but it is not true.
[Distinguished guest]: It is extenuating that some internet friends have these ideas because I am unable to be employed by the suitable units after my parents invest a large amount of tuition fees and I persevere in my studies in spite of hardship for several years. Is it my own fault? As you see, there is not a gray hair on my head at that time; however, I get somewhat greyer now after graduation. I think we shall not be overcritical of university students and internet friends for the following good reasons: they are young and need to get some useful knowledge from universities in their youth and job hunting stages, therefore, our education mode shall provide the available methods to make them repay society because they go to university with the purpose of further education and knowledge obtainment. There is nothing wrong with their bewilderment. If we want to find out the real reasons, we shall start with universities, society and supply side. Instead of modest, I think this is a method for coping with problems reasonably. In some ways, it is also a kind of ideological method for us, students and society.
[Host]: Today, we are very pleased to invite Secretary Tang to exchange "supply-side structural reform in colleges and universities" with you. After this show, I believe that all internet friends have got a certain understanding of the supply-side structural reform concept, the measures and achievements of HNUC. At the end of the show, let's thank Secretary Tang again for accepting our interview in the busy schedule, meanwhile, thanks for your passionate companion. See you next time.
[Distinguished guest]: Thank you!
